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https://doi.org/10.14300/mnnc.2026.00014

Preclinical study of the biological safety of new implantation materials in an experiment on heterotopic implantation in small laboratory animals

[Abstracts]
Igor Gerasimenko; Alexander Dolgalev; Valentina Botasheva; Alesya Khripunova; Larisa Erkenova; Maria Sergeevna Bagdasaryan; Himalay Kazbekovich Gezuev; Angelina Romanova;

The study focused on the soft tissue response to the heterotopic implantation of titanium samples with various coatings in small experimental animals (rats). The experiment involved 80 male laboratory Wistar rats. There were four main groups (n=15 each) established based on the sample type, along with two control groups (n=10 each). On Day 14 and Day 28, 50 % of the animals from each group were sacrificed for analysis. The obtained data indicate that the tissue response to different alloys and processing methods is differentiated and multifactorial. Titanium-aluminum-vanadium (BT6 Grade) alloys treated with a mixture of nitric and hydrofluoric acids stimulate fibroblastic activity, as well as they increase the vessel diameter in the early stages. Titanium dioxide-coated samples treated with the same acid mixture exhibit the highest biocompatibility featuring minimal inflammatory response. Conversely, alloys treated with sulfuric acid promote a more significant increase in the vessel diameter. This study serves proof to the necessity of an integrated approach to developing new biomaterials to be employed for medical implants, considering both the material composition and surface treatment methods.

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Keywords: titanium alloys, histocompatibility, implantation materials, surface modification