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https://doi.org/10.14300/mnnc.2025.20063

Methemoglobinemia: lesser-known aspects of a rare pathology

[Reviews]
Andrei Budnevskiy; Evgeniy Ovsyannikov; Roman Evgenievich Tokmachev; Elena Sergeevna Drobysheva; Valeria Romanovna Drobysheva; Maria Alekseevna Rogatkina;

In recent decades, there has been an increased interest in the problem of methemoglobinemia (MH) as a condition that initiates and sustains systemic inflammation processes in chronic non-infectious diseases associated with the development of oxidative stress. This review summarizes the available data in the literature regarding the etiology and pathogenesis of MH. It provides a detailed description of the categories of causes, examines the possibilities and limitations of modern laboratory and instrumental diagnostic methods, as well as approaches to treatment.

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Keywords: methemoglobin, methemoglobinemia, shortness of breath, cyanosis, pulse oximetry