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https://doi.org/10.14300/mnnc.2024.19061

Galectin-3 in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases

[Reviews]
Liya Pakhnova; Olga Bashkina; Marina Samotrueva; Dmitry Vladimirovich Pakhnov;

Biomarkers play a crucial role in biomedical research, acting as indicators of the body’s normal or pathological biological functioning. Galectins, which are proteins with a pleiotropic role involved in a large number of pathogenetic criteria, are of interest as promising biomarkers. All cell types secrete at least one galectin, whereas different galectins are expressed in higher concentrations in different cell types. Galectins feature a wide range of effects they have on various immune cells, thus promoting an inflammatory response or inhibiting the immune response; they play a key role in numerous biological processes, including cell growth, apoptosis, pre-mRNA splicing, differentiation, transformation, angiogenesis, inflammation, and fibrosis.

This review focuses on systematizing the available data concerning the role of galectin-3 in inflammatory processes, pathogenetic mechanisms of atherogenesis, remodeling of the vascular wall and myocardium in cardiovascular risk, and other diseases.

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Keywords: galectin, Gal-3, biomarkers, cardiovascular diseases, prognosis