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[Original research] [Internal diseases]
М Nedyalkov; G Nikolov; M. Christova-Savova; R. Christova; Ya Kandova; B. Petrunov;
Pollinosis is the most prevalent form of seasonal allergic disease occurring in Europe. Birch pollen allergens cause asthma and allergic rhinitis in 10–20 % of the European population. Allergy to tree pollen is expanding in Europe. Manifestations of allergy to the pollen of the Betulaceae family and the accompanying oral allergy syndrome are becoming more common. Oral allergy syndrome affects up to 70 % of patients with allergy to pollen of the Betulaceae family and there is а tendency to increase. Allergens are present mainly in the pollen but they can also be found in food products of plant origin. They are responsible for symptoms such as rhinoconjunctivitis, asthma, edema, urticaria and anaphylaxis. Allergens ingested with food can cause itching and swelling of lips, tongue and soft palate, often accompanied by laryngeal symptoms such as a feeling of tightness, itching, cough. Gastrointestinal symptoms, rhinitis, asthma, skin reactions, as well as more severe systemic anaphylactic reactions are observed. The most widespread groups of vegetable allergens belong to the so-called pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins, structural proteins and storage proteins.
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Keywords: allergy, PR-10 proteins, cross-reactivity, pollen, food