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https://doi.org/10.14300/mnnc.2025.20067

Features of extracellular trap formation in response to neutrophil leukocyte stimulation by thrombin in patients with diabetes mellitus and various types of diabetic foot damage

[Internal diseases]
Inna Viktorovna Druk; Dmitry Georgyevich Novikov; Alexander Nikolaevich Zolotov; Nikolay Aleksandrovich Kirichenko; Elizaveta Alexandrovna Kirch; Albina Yuryevna Savochkina; Vladimir Vladimirovich Khodus; Elena Albertovna Sorokina;

We determined the ability of extracellular traps to be formed by blood cells in fractions of mononuclear cells and granulocytes in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated by diabetic foot syndrome without (n=10) and with Charcot neuro osteoarthropathy (n=8). The mononuclear cell fraction of patients contained 15–30 % of low density neutrophils (LDNs), whereas their proportion in the control group (n=12) was minimal. Spontaneous and thrombin stimulated formation of filamentous extracellular traps was most pronounced in patients with neuro-osteoarthropathy. Furthermore, this group exhibited a significant increase in the levels of interleukin-8 (4.4-fold) and citrullinated histone H3 (5.7-fold) compared to the control group. The obtained data indicate a probable role of LDN-mediated inflammation in the pathogenesis of Charcot neuro-osteoarthropathy.

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Keywords: diabetes mellitus, diabetic foot syndrome, neuro-osteoarthropathy, low-density neutrophils, netosis, neutrophil extracellular traps, citrullinated histone H3, interleukin-8, C-reactive protein