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https://doi.org/10.14300/mnnc.2023.18006

Immunological predictors of cognitive impairment in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

[Original research] [Neurology]
Maria Nikolaevna Belokopytova; Vladimir Baturin; Irina Dolgova; Sergei Karpov;

A comprehensive examination of 81 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in combination with chronic cerebrovascular disease was carried out. In the course of a neuropsychological examination using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MoSA) and the Mini Mental Status Assessment Scale (MMSE) three groups were formed, including patients without cognitive deterioration (group I), patients with mild cognitive impairment (group II) and patients with moderate cognitive impairment (group III). All patients showed an increase in the level of S100B protein in blood plasma, which was most pronounced in patients of group I. Immunological survey revealed a relation between cognitive impairment and the content of serum autoantibodies – to NMDA receptors (to dopamine, dopamine type 2 receptors (DR2) and to protein S100B. Autoantibody levels increased with increasing cognitive impairment, notably to NMDA and DR2. According to the correlation analysis in patients of all three groups it was marked the strong associations between the level of autoantibodies to the S100B protein and the level of autoantibodies to NMDA receptors, to dopamine and DR2.

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Keywords: type 2 diabetes mellitus, cognitive impairment, autoantibodies, NMDA receptors, dopamine receptors, protein S100B