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Biomarkers and prognostic potential of oral fluid for early diagnosis of chronic periodontitis

[Reviews]
Anna Andreevna  Zub; Tatiana Gayvoronskaya; Ekaterina Sergeevna Sirak; Victoria Grigoryan; Feride laypanova; Elizaveta Evgenievna Shchetinina; Nikolay Olegovich  Remizov; Alla Sirak;

Currently, the diagnosis of chronic periodontitis in most countries involves the determination of several clinical parameters, some of which are subjective and may vary in accuracy. In addition, clinical parameters register only in the presence of significant damage to periodontal tissues, making it impossible to suspect the disease in its early stages. Therefore, searching for objective criteria for diagnosing chronic periodontitis is essential for the dentist. Clinicians can use Chairside diagnostic tests using whole saliva or gingival fluid for early diagnosis of chronic periodontitis. It is feasible to assess the risk of disease development, its progression and response to therapy by identifying biomarkers with high sensitivity and specificity. The review discusses five promising biomarkers that have shown the most favorable results. It provides comparative indicators of their sensitivity and specificity and the possibility of isolated application for the early diagnosis of periodontitis.

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Keywords: chronic periodontitis, inflammatory mediators, biomarkers


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